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As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  • The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
  • Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
  • The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
  • The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.

Ethical considerations

Protection of people and animals: when experiments that have been carried out on human beings are described, it will be indicated if the procedures followed are in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible human experimentation committee (institutional or regional) and in accordance with the World Medical Association and the Declaration of Helsinki available at: http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/. When experiments on animals are described, it should be noted whether the guidelines of an international research institution or council or a national law regulating the care and use of laboratory animals have been followed.